"Evolution of Atomic Models"

The atomic model that we used to recognize now a day, doesn´t look as the one that appear at first; as we know, as the time pass and scientits made more experiments based in the previous ones, the atomic model was becoming more complete of information.

First we found Jonh Dlaton in 1803, who discover that an atom is the simplest particle of matter, an so on he invented a a diagram for representing the atomic model, which basically was a dimensional circle with no information. Then appear J. J. Thomson in 1897, who discovered the electrons and their location in the "atomic circle", he called it the "plum-pudding model". After him came Hantaro Nagaoka, in 1904, who established that all atoms contain a nucleus, which is located in the center, and that electrons move in orbits. Ernest Rutherford discovered, in 1911, that the central nucleus located in the atom contains a positive charge and that the electrons, found all over the atom, spin around the nucleus.

In 1913 Niels Bohr established a set conditions that every atom has, as he came out with his model for showing that those electrons spinning around the nucleus move in a circular orbit, taking a fixed distance from the nucleus, defining the energy levels that each electron could have depending to their fixed position from teh nucleus. Then, in 1923, Louis de Broglie made his hypothesis about the waving properties of the motion of electrons, which was proved later with an experiment. Followed by Erwin Schrodinger, who found and established the mathematical equation of the travelling of electrons, known as the formula for getting the atomic orbital, leading to the creation of the Electron Cloud Model, which provides a possible vision of where do electrons could be located in the atom. An at last came James Chadwick, which end to complete the atomic model proving all the past discoveries, as the existence of the nucleus, which had neutrons with no charge and protons with positive charge. 

In conclusion, we were abel of observing how do one discover over the atomic model, as significant as it could be, was the base for other scientist for discovering a new property on atoms.

Bibliography:
Wilbraham, Anthony C., et al. Chemistry. USA: Prentice Hall, 2005.

"Sodium Fluoride, an Active Ingredient in Toothpaste"

While thinking about many of the products that I use daily, I focused on one specifically that I use everyday and that should not miss in my life, as I need to use it at least three times a day, is the TOOTHPASTE. Then, checking its ingredients for finding some facts about chemicals, I get interested in one specifically, the Sodium Floride. What all of us may know since we go to the dentiste, is that Sodium Fluoride is a substance for killing bacterias in our mouths, but we haven´t take a look to all the science that this simple substance contains.
While surfing in the Internet, I found important facts about this substance in an official dental care web page and in one of drugs advice. According to these pages, them explain that dentist recommend that children take Sodium Fluoride for strenghtening their teeths while they pass through the developing teeth phase. What convinced me about this fact, was that dentist hold a record from a place were children are exposed to drink water with high levels of fluoride, and the results were that their teeth were healthier than other children. Dentists explained that the component of Fluoride protects teeth from  cavities and decrease the production of some bacterias in the mouth. But as any advantage, there are also some disadvantages, because dentist should prescribe you the amount of Sodium Fluoride that you can get according to your age, as there can come some side effects if you are sensible to the substance.
I think that the toothpaste is a product that we should use daily for taking care of our teeth, and knowing more about one of its most active component is a great start for valuating more those simple things related with chemistry that better our life style.

For more information visit these web sites:
www.dentagentlelcare.com/toothpaste.htm
www.drugs.com/pdr/sodium-fluoride.html

"Chemistry makes my life easier"

In a normal day of my life I wake up early, take a bath, eat something delicious for breakfast, brush my teeth and go to the school in car. This is my routine in a normal school day. I think that most of my classmates should have a similar routine, but ¿had you take time for imagine your life without chemistry? It may sounds weird, chemistry, I´m not a scientist, but if you reflect about the question I had just asked you will find that chemistry is in all the stuffs that surround us. I never take time for looking closer to every stuff that make possible my daily life. Since I started the chemistry course, the teacher made us became more conscious about all the chemistry that surrounds us, maybe we can´t recognize it, but without it we couldn´t take advantage of those simple but essential things composed of chemical matter that make our lives easier.
During this blog I will write comments, as I advance in my chemsitry course, about the discoveries that I make proving how is life an important resource in my daily life. Until now I had learn the basic knowledge of matter and its composition, but as I advance in the course I hope my knowledges about chemistry become more complex, so that my comments could show more evidence of my investigation, and of course, more interesting facts.